TV MEASUREMENT TERMINOLOGY

Acceptable HHs
  • Households that are providing viewing data and included in the report upon meeting the quality requirements.
Adhesion
  • It is the ratio of a program’s target audience to the total number of viewers.
Adjacency
  • The commercial time period allocated at the beginning and end of program broadcast for TV ad placement.
Advertiser
  • The party commissioning ads; brand owner.
Advertising agency
  • An agency engaged in advertising.
Advertising clutter
  • It is the total advertising volume the audience is exposed to.
Advertising spot
  • Any type of ad (commercials and public service ads) broadcast within a program or during the breaks. Spot.
Advertorial
  • Promotional ad.
Advertorial spot  
  • Commercials in an advertorial.
Affinity index
  • The ratio of the weight of a target audience of the analyzed program to its weight in the total population. Whether the program is specifically preferred by this target audience is determined.
Aggregated viewing data
  • Aggregated viewing data that is processed and converted to measurement but does not contain any information specifically for panel households.
Air broadcasting
  • It is the terrestrial broadcasting of data content such as images and sound.
AMR - Average Minute Rating
  • It is the average number of audiences per minute.
AMS - Audio Matching System
  • It is a system where the audio data collected with a people meter is compared to and matched with a reference database to determine the broadcast that is viewed.
Announcement
  • Advertising spot or commercial spot.    
ASP - Average Setting Price
  • Net sales per unit during a certain period such as months, years, etc.
Atria Pro
  • It is Kantar Media’s “back office” operating system that supports the people meter service.
ATS - Average Time Spent
  • It is the average viewing time for a relevant program, advertorial or channel on the basis of TV audience.  (ATS % = RATING % / REACH %)
ATV - Average Time Viewed
  • The average viewing time on the basis of the entire population.
Audience
  • Listener, viewer, audience, reader.
Audience accumulation
  • The total number of different people (or households) exposed to an environment for a particular period of time.
Audience composition
  • Classification of a program’s audience within the frame of demographic characteristics such as age, gender and education.
Audience duplication
  • The rate of the audience or households included in a program’s target audience but accessed by another program as well.
Audience flow
  • The number of viewers or listeners who start or stop watching a program during broadcasting. The audience flow indicates the rate of people or households that open and shut a program, surf between channels while watching one channel or remain on the same channel where the previous program watched is broadcast.
Audience profile
  • The demographic characteristics of the individuals or households a TV program reaches out.
Audience share (channel share)
  • The share received by channels or programs from the total population during broadcasting.
Average audience
  • The number of average minute audience of a program during broadcasting.
Average loyalty
  • The ratio of average audience (%) to the total daily average audience (%).
Average reach
  • The number of viewers satisfying the minimum reach condition determined for a channel, time slot, program or commercials slot.
Average time viewed
  • The average time spent for a content or a commercial associated with a certain period of time of the average time spent by people directly reaching that period of time.
 
BARB
  • Broadcasters Audience Research Bureau. The UK-based institution performing television audience measurement.
Barter
  • Paying a commercial fee by a brand owner (advertiser) through goods and services they product; exchange.
Base
  • The overall panel households passing to the production stage upon completion of the test stage.
Batch
  • Function(s) enabling the report(s) that are previously prepared and recorded by Kantar Media - Instar Analytics software to automatically run and record in the designated formats.
Beta Index
  • Comparing a program’s reception share against the share received by the broadcasting time slot from TV audience the whole day.
Billboard
  • The sponsor credits included at the beginning/end of advertorials for a program or sponsored program.
Block
  • The advertising intervals between commercials and interruptions for a program.
Break
  • Time breaks between two programs or parts of a program. It refers to each broadcast excluding the program. It is divided into two categories; namely, Commercial Break and Break (non-commercial).
Break number (break position)
  • The break sequence in the range where advertising spot is included
Broadband cable (wideband)
  • Multiple cables that typically are capable of bearing 30 or more TV channels.
Broadcast (broadcasting)
Broadcaster
  • A broadcasting corporation.
Bumper in/out
  • Short commercials (less than 5 seconds) connected with each other, appearing before and at the end of the program.

 

Cable penetration
  • The rate of households receiving cabled broadcasting among all households with TV.
Cable television system
  • Cable broadcasting system.
Cable TV
  • Channel performing cable broadcasting.
CAM - Conditional Access Module
  • A system decoding the locked and restricted digital broadcasts with a smart card.
Campaign awareness
  • The number of people who have seen an advertising campaign.
CAPI - Computer Aided Personal Interview
  • Personal interviews carried out with the assistance of computers. It is a data collection method used in Establishment Survey that is conducted to calculate the universe values for Television Audience Measurement Panel and determine the candidates for nomination.
Carriage fee
  • It is the base pay charged by the paid television broadcasting platforms for service.
Catch-up TV
  • It is a system facilitating time-shifted viewing via the internet after TV programs are broadcast.
CATI - Computer Assisted Telephone Interview
  • Telephone interviews carried out with the assistance of computers. It is a data collection method used in updating the information associated with households in the Television Measurement Panel.
Census
  • Enumeration. It is applied to determine the descriptives in universe to be stratified and/or weighted for the representation of sample.
Chief Income Earner
  • The person providing the actual source of income for the house.
Channel Surfing 
  • Audience’s activity of switching between channels via remote control during broadcasting.
Clutter
  • The total of commercials, program promotions and announcements broadcast on TV and radio successively in a short time.
Commercial
  • A TV spot that advertises a brand.
Confidence interval
  • Confidence interval. It indicates the possibility of information obtained from a measured sample to match with the universe.
Consolidated Audience
  • Total viewing containing live and recorded viewings.
Contacts
  • Spot audience measurement that indicates commercial viewing of a member in a particular target audience. The total number of viewings for an advertising campaign is obtained by adding the number of viewings.
Content
  • Broadcasting content of a medium.
Coverage
  • The number of viewers who watch at least one piece of content (1 or more) among a group of broadcasts and satisfies the minimum reach condition set. It indicates the aggregated audience reached.
CPP
  • Cost per rating point. It is calculated through the following formula CPP = TOTAL EXPENDITURE GRP / RATING.
CPS-CPP/Sec (Cost Per GRP Per Sec.)
  • Cost for one second of a GRP value. It is calculated through the following formula: CPS = TOTAL EXPENDITURE TOTAL TIME SN x GRP TOTAL NUMBER OF SPOTS.
CPT - Cost Per Thousand/CPM - Cost Per Mile
  • Cost per 1000 people. It is calculated through the following formula: CPT/CPM= CAMPAIGN COST x 1000 PEOPLE REACHED.
CTTV
  • CTTV % indicates the amount of contribution to the total viewing within the selected time slot.
CV - Consolidate Viewing
  • Total viewing including live and time-shifted viewings.
Cable broadcasting
  • A broadcasting system whereby TV content is transferred via a cable
Campaign
  • Defining commercial ads individually to ensure that they can be tracked separately according to their relevant theme.
Channel
  • A platform broadcasting visual content with transition systems via terrestrial, digital, cable systems and internet, etc.
Collective commercials
  • Commercials featuring multiple brands.
Credits  
  •  The program section that is featured at the beginning and contains introductory information.
Credits sponsorship  
  •     Broadcasts at the beginning or end of advertorials where the “Commercials” cover and brand/product images are featured together.


 
Data fusion
  • Fusing two independent sets of data through certain reference points such as socio-demographic characteristics.
Data poll
  • Retrieval of viewing data of houses through GSM for data processing and production.
Daypart
  • A term corresponding to any combination of time ranges or a certain time range within a day.
Days activity
  • Information indicating the number of broadcasting of a spot or program within a particular time range.
Decoder
  • A system making systematically-grouped data available for use, again, during transfer for a particular purpose.
Demography
  • Groups formed by individuals or households across a universe based on their characteristics (e.g. gender)
Drop-out
  • Installing/uninstalling a data collection program/device used in a household, or by an individual, within a passive observation panel.
Duplication
  • Duplicate viewing. Group of audience viewing the programs on similar or different channels.
Duration
  • The period of time of any type of broadcast or group of broadcasts.
 
Effective frequency
  • The frequency of reaching a target audience required for a message to achieve the desired impact.
Effective reach
  • Reach achieved by a media plan at the effective frequency level.
Effective sample size
  •  The sample size isolated from the weighing effects resulting from the groupings within a sample.
Efficiency
  • A measure used to determine the effectiveness of samples across designs where weighing is used. It enables to compare the main sample variance with the random sub-sample variance.
Extra spot
  • Commercials excluded from the advertorials but not included in sponsorship and social commercial category.
Emission share
  • The time share allocated from the total broadcasting time for a program by a channel. It indicates the time invested in a program by a channel.
ES - Establishment Survey
  • A basis survey regarding forecasting of unknown parameters associated with a population and determination of candidate panelists for nomination. Data Collection Survey.
 
Excessive viewing
  • Excessively long periods of viewing that exceed the measurement quality.
Exclusive reach
  • The number of viewers who have watched a particular program, channel, time slot or spot and satisfied the minimum reach condition set but who have not watched any other programs, channels, time slots or spots.
Extended TV
  • Audiovisual screenings involving presentation of linear TV broadcast of broadcasters across online platforms as well.
Extended TV Panel
  • A TV panel aiming to measure presentation of linear TV broadcasts of broadcasters on online channels, in addition to TV.
F2F - Face to Face Interview
  • A survey application involving face to face interviews. It is a data collection method used in ES interviews.
Flow chart
  • A schematic demonstration of the annual media plan.
Focalmeter
  • A digital measurement device designed to track the Internet activities made through DSL modems connected by using the ARF spoofing technology.
Forced turnover
  • Forced drop-out of panel to protect the panel balance or to reduce panel attrition, without the request of a panelist.
Frame
  • Sectional image.
Free VOD
  • Free-of-charge content accessed on demand. (see. VOD)
FTA - Free to Air
  • A channel whose content can be watched free-of-charge from the point where broadcast is received. It does not involve any subscription or pay per view system.
Full-time measurement  
  •   Type of subscription where measurement values are shared at minute-based intervals.
Gain
  • The number of people gained during migration.
Genre
  • Program classification (competition, talk show, TV series, etc.)
Gross audience
  • The total of houses or individuals performing one or more viewings in a certain period, within a TV audience measurement system.
Gross panel size
  • All houses where people meters are physically installed (test, production or reporting).
GRP - Gross Rating Point
  • The scale determining the extent of an advertising campaign according to a certain medium or program. It is the relationship between the number of spot viewings (Cont ‘000) and the target audience universe selected. It is used in GRP spot report and obtained through the ratio of the number of viewings to the target audience universe selected.
Guest
  • Guest audience. It is defined as the person who participates in viewing in a household within the television audience measurement panel but is not a permanent member of that house. Viewing data is used to forecast the viewings by households, which are not included in a panel, in other households, across systems where portable people meters are not used.
Guest factor
  • The guest audience factor developed to include the guest viewings, included in a TV Measurement Panel, in the total sum of viewings and obtained through an algorithm that is based on panel representation.
Guest viewing
  • Viewing by guests.
Household
  • The basic group of audience living in the same house and included in the survey for television audience measurement.
HDTV - High Definition TV
  • A television capable of running high-definition broadcasts.
Head of Household
  • Head of a family.
Heavy viewer
  • The audience group with high frequency and level of watching TV.
HHs With Guest
  • Households with guest.
Household
  • The households included in research as part of television audience measurement.
Household Size
  • The number of people living in the households included in research as part of television audience measurement.
Housekeeper
  • The person responsible for household shopping; decision maker.
Housewife
  • It is defined as women who are unemployed or who are unemployed and responsible for shopping.
HTTPs
  • The secure data transfer protocol between the internet browser and website (secure hypertext transfer communication rule)
IAA - International Advertising Association
  • Association of advertising agencies
Individuals
  • Viewers. A household is included in reporting with all viewers in measurements.
Individuals 5+
  • Viewers above the of 5 A household is included in reporting with all viewers in measurements.
Insertion
  • The total number of times a commercial is broadcast. It is the variable that indicates the number of spots.
Installed base
  • All panel households equipped with people meter at testing or production stage.
Instar Analytics
  • Kantar Media interface where television audience data is reported.
IPTV
  • The broadcasting system whereby television content is transferred via internet protocols are transferred in batches, rather than conventional transfers such as terrestrial, digital, cables, etc.
Leading gap
  • The time elapsing from the start of viewing by a panelist and ending when they push the button defined to them on controller.
Light viewer
  • The audience group with low frequency and level of watching TV.
Live
  • Live broadcast
Master meter
  • The primary/main people meter that enables the transmission of the audience data from the household.
Media agency
Media plan
  • Planning designed to ensure that an ad’s message is delivered to the right target audience through right media.
Media strategy
  • A strategy developed to ensure that an ad’s message is delivered to consumers in an effective way, via the appropriate media.
Medium viewer
  • The audience group with medium frequency and level of watching TV.
Migration
  • Migration analysis.  It analyzes the density of migration between channels during viewing.
Migration gain
  • The number of people gained during migration.
Migration loss
  • The number of people lost during migration.
Migration net
  • The difference between the people lost and gained during migration.
Migration rating
  • The rating (000) value of channels undergoing migration analysis during the time period of analysis.
Minute attribution
  • The method used to assign each minute to a service group (e.g. Channel X) in television audience measurement made with a people meter.
Multiscreen viewing
  • Watching multiple pieces of visual media simultaneously.
 
Network
Nil viewer
  • An individual who does not watch any TV at a certain period of time.
Nil viewing
  • The activity of not watching any TV in a certain period of time.
Non-commercial advertising
  • Non-commercial ads that aim to introduce certain ideas or change attitude in a positive way across the society.
NonContact
  • The household where communication with the device fails due to a technical issue and which is excluded from reporting due to failure to retrieve audience data.
NonPoll
  • The household which is excluded from reporting due to failure to retrieve audience data because of a technical issue.
 
OTS - Opportunity to See (average frequency)
  • The average number of broadcasts viewed per person from a certain number of broadcasts (e.g. spot, program, etc.)
Out of Home Viewing
  • Viewing performed outside the house.
Panel
  • A group of samples representing a universe, brought together to forecast the behaviors of individuals in a certain universe and observe their change.
Panel control variables
  • Household descriptives whose sizes are controlled to ensure representation of universe.
Panel turnover
  • The panelist change rate in a panel.
Part-time measurement  
  • Type of subscription where measurement values are shared every fifteen minutes.
Pay per View VOD
  • Content for which fee is charged on the basis of content reached upon request. (see. VOD)
Pay TV
  • Paid TV broadcasting platform.
Peak
  • The period of time when rating values are at the highest level on a regular basis. Primetime.
People meter
  • A measurement device used for passive observation of viewing habits of a household and providing data for audio matching background.
Portable meter (personal meter)
  • A portable measurement device used for passive observation of viewing habits of an individual and providing data for audio matching background.
Prime time
  • The time slot between 08:00 and 11:00 pm when television is watched the most. Peak.
Program
  • All broadcasts (current affairs, TV series, film, competitions, etc.) viewed, other than spots.
Program sponsorship
  • Contracted broadcasts featured at the beginning and end of a program, as well as throughout the program at the start and end of advertorials, typically featuring a five-second brand statement.
Program type
  • Typology of a program broadcast (current affairs, program for children, contest, etc.).
PUT (%) - People Using Television
  • The average Rating % value Total TV has within a certain period of time. It automatically indicates the TTV Rating (000) value when a reference channel is not assigned.
PUT (000) - People Using Television
  • The average Rating (000) value Total TV has within a certain period of time. It automatically indicates the TTV Rating (%) value when a reference channel is not assigned.
PVR - Personal Video Recorder
  • A device that is used to record, store and run video content.
Quota sampling  
  • Sampling method built by dividing a main target audience into sub-groups according to certain characteristics (e.g. demographic variables) and classifying the number of people satisfying the sub-group criteria for this sample.
     

 

Random Sampling
  • Retrieving a sample in systematics that enables equal chance of selection for each element, from a universe or sub-universe.
Ratecard
  • The advertising tariff of a communication instrument; gross list price.
Rating
  • It is the average number of audiences per minute. The Rating (000) value of a program or time slot is obtained by adding the number of viewers at each minute and dividing the sum to the total time of program or time slot (on the basis of minutes).
Rating Point
  • 1% of target audience.
Raw data
  • Raw data that has not undergone any quality control and processing process and is retrieved from households.
Reach
  • The total target audience at a certain time slot. In reach calculation, individuals are counted only once even when they have viewed content throughout the entire time slot determined.
Reception share
  • The ratio of number of viewers a channel generates through a program to the number of viewers it generates through all broadcasts featured throughout the day. It indicates the target audience profitability a channel generates from a program.
Reception type
  • Type of reception (terrestrial, satellite, cable).
Reporting universe
  • A universe represented in reporting.
RPD - Return Path Data
  • Data sent to the system provider by a member of a system (e.g. TV broadcast).
RTÜK
  • Radio and Television Supreme Council
RVD
  • Advertisers Association.
Sample composition
  • The overall classification variables (age, gender, etc.) used for panel control and/or representation.
Sample error
  •  A difference expected to be found between the main target audience and sample values when a sample is selected and reviewed within the frame of certain rules, rather than examination of an entire universe (census).
Satellite TV
  • A channel broadcast with a satellite.
Satellite broadcast  
  •  TV broadcasts via satellite systems.
SDTV - Standard Definition TV
  • A television capable of running low-definition broadcasts.
Seasonality
  •  Tracking of pattern trend according to the operation timing of operational findings.
Seasonality index
  •  It refers to the seasonal or monthly breakdown percentage of sales of a brand or category.
Separator
  • Beginning and ending broadcasting per commercial (e.g. TV series, movie, entertainment, competition launch broadcasts)
SES - Socio-economic Status
  • Grouping created according to the socio-economic characteristics of consumers. The TÜAD (Researchers Association of Turkey) SES grouping, which is used in Turkey actively, is determined according to the education level, employment status, current/former (retired) occupation.
Share
  • The percentage of overall audience. It is the ratio of average number of viewers per minute at a certain time slot to the average number of viewers per minute associated with TOTAL TV in that same certain time slot.
Slave meter
  • Measurement devices attached to other televisions connected to the main device (master meter) in a house where multiple people meters are installed.
SOS - Share of Spending
  • The share of spending for a product in the overall spending across the sector.
Social ad
  • The term used for public service ads. Public service ads broadcast during advertorials are assessed as part of advertorial ratings.
SOV - Share of Voice
  • The share of GRP generated by product in the overall GRP across the sector.
Sponsor maturity rating signs
  • Broadcasts published before the programs, indicating the target audience of a program.
Sponsor credits
  • Broadcasts at the beginning or end of advertorials where the “Commercials” cover and brand/product images are featured together.
Sponsor broadcast stream
  • Broadcasts indicating the broadcasting time and program name for daily broadcasts.
Spot
  • Any type of ad (commercials and public service ads) broadcast within a program or during the breaks.
Spot beginning time
  • The time when the first frame of commercials appears.
Spot update
  • Revision of spots defined according to customer’s demands.
Spot time
  • The period of time between the beginning and ending frame of a commercial broadcast (including the beginning and ending frame of a commercial).
Spot type
  • Typology of a commercial broadcast (A commercial ad broadcast during commercial break is defined with ‘ADVERTORIAL SPOT’ typology, a spot appearing for 8-10 seconds at the bottom of the screen during a TV program is defined with the ‘FRAME AD’ typology, while a spot broadcast with the term ‘PUBLIC SERVICE AD’ is defined with the ‘SOCIAL AD’ typology).
SVOD (Subscription VOD)
  • Content with a fixed fee charged on the basis of content reached upon request. (see. VOD)
Strip advertisement
  •   A type of ad placed partially on an image on the screen (at the bottom, top or to the left-hand side, etc.) when a program is broadcast. Frame ad.
   
 
TAM - TV Audience Measurement
  • Measurement of the television audience.
Target audience
  • Viewing group that is targeted.
Teaser
  • A type of commercial aimed to evoke curiosity, without giving information about a product or producer.
Template
  • Preset report templates saved to be used later in Kantar Media’s Instar Analytics program.
Tenure
  • The time spend by a panelist on the panel.
Terrestrial TV
  • Channel performing terrestrial broadcasting.
TİAK A.Ş.
  • TİAK Televizyon İzleme Araştırmaları Anonim Şirketi. It is established under the shareholding of Advertising Association, Advertisers Association and broadcasting corporations undergoing measurement in order to perform television audience measurement.
Timeband
  • The time slot desired to be reviewed.
Typological separator
  • A sponsorship application with 3 seconds of screen sharing and 5 seconds featuring the sponsor image with a channel jingle.
Total Day
  • 1 day of TTV
Total rating
  • The average target audience rate per minute for all channels. It is the average number of total viewing per minute.
TSV - Time Shifted Viewing
  • The activity of viewing a program at a subsequent time following the broadcasting stream.  It involves use of different indicators such as view on the same date live (VOSDAL), viewing within 7 days or 28 days. It is reported with live viewing (consolidate viewing).
TTV - Total TV Viewing
  • All channel viewings of households participating in the survey. This viewing indicator includes the non-measured channels as well.
TÜAD
TurkStat
  • Turkish Statistical Institution http://www.tuik.gov.tr/
Turnover
  • The ratio of cumulative aggregated audience at a certain period of time (e.g. a program) to the overall audience in that same period of time.
TV monitoring
  • The coding process for all programs and spots of broadcast definitions.
Units
  • The variables indicating viewing in different forms.
Universe
  • Values whereby all variables can be measured for a purpose. The total population represented in a survey.
Uploading data  
  • A generally-accepted term used for automatically uploading data from HTTPS platform to Instar Analytics reporting analysis program installed across clients at 10:00 AM on a daily basis, as per the decision of TİAK A.Ş.
UV - Uncovered Viewing
  • Unreported viewing where people-matching fails despite successful reach of viewing data as a result of not using a controller.
UV rejection
  • Failure to include all the data coming from a household when viewing without a controller exceeds a certain percentage, on the relevant day.
Viewing
  • Instance of watching.
Virtualmeter
  • A software plug-in installed on devices such as computers, smartphones and tablets to track details of content accessed on a digital environment.
Virtual ad    
 
  •     Placement of an ad, which is not connected with a real setting, on an image on TV by using electronic image systems that change the broadcast signal. Logos appearing on broadcasts such as football games are called virtual ads.
VOD - Video on Demand
  • Free, pay-per-view or subscription-based content accessed by users on demand.
Voice-over
  •  The voice of a person or narrator that does not appear on a broadcast.
VOSDAL - Viewing on Same Day as Live
  • Viewing a broadcast within the same day, following its original broadcasting time.
   

 
Watermarking
  • Determination of content on a different source with special signs or symbols placed on images or voices.
Weighted audience
  • Weighted audience sample to ensure universe representation.
Work order
  • Rules and work orders created for quality control of audience data (e.g. excessive viewing, uncovered viewing).
   
   
   
 
 
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